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Impacts of Juniper Vegetation and Karst Geology on Subsurface Flow Processes in the Edwards Plateau, Texas

Dep. of Biological and Agric. Engineering, 2117 TAMU, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843-2117. J. Maximilian Köhne now at Univ. of Rostock, Germany

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. The study area was the Honey Creek State Natural Area located in Comal County TX. Also shown are the various hydrologic zones of the Edwards aquifer.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Honey creek experimental plot with spatial locations of juniper trees, rainfall simulator masts, and the trench. Application bands of three dyes (Uranine, Phloxin-B, and Eosin) during dye-tracer studies are also illustrated in the layout.

View larger version (145K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Photograph showing cross section of trench face beside the plot.

View larger version (66K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Schematic sketch of trench cross-section illustrating the stratification of the trench face. (a) The older TDR probe locations (October to mid December 2003, Simulation Runs 1–5); (b) newer locations (mid December 2003 to May 2004, Simulation Runs 6 and dye tests). The older TDR probes are represented by circles, while the newer ones are represented by rectangles.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Dye sampling and seepage points within the trench face.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Seepage response time indicates the initial onset of outflow from various seepage locations at the trench face. Refer to Fig. 5 for spatial locations for seepage points. Runs 15 and 17 were low intensity, long duration events. Runs 16 and 18 were high intensity, short duration events. Time of arrival was indistinguishable for low seepage volume at D5 for Run 18.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Dye response times at various dye sampling locations within the trench face for the second dye-tracer test. Numbers beside the bars indicate peak concentration times as registered by the Spectrofluorophotometer.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Response times of various TDR probes for Simulation 5. (Total rainfall amount = 108.9 mm).

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Relationship of TDR response time with total rainfall and initial moisture content.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. Relationship between total seepage face flow and total rainfall from various rainfall simulations.